盤點考研英語中常見的特殊標點符號
[摘要] 今天就考研英語閱讀中常出現(xiàn)的特殊標點作簡要總結(jié),希望對同學們備考英語有所幫助。
考研英語閱讀文章中常出現(xiàn)一些特殊標點符號,像冒號,破折號,分號等,他們都有著特殊含義,充分理解其意義并掌握好其用法,會有助于我們快速解題,
1. 冒號
冒號表示解釋說明,通常解釋的是冒號前面的某個名詞,需要根據(jù)冒號后面的內(nèi)容去判斷解釋的是前面的哪個名詞。例如:The NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. 冒號后面通過其意義“來自呼吸系統(tǒng)的令人恐懼的死亡”可以看出表示的是消極的含義,那么所解釋的名詞也應(yīng)該是消極的意義,所以鎖定在fear和suffering之間,再進一步分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)強調(diào)的是“恐懼的死亡”,因此解釋的名詞是fear.
2. 破折號
它跟冒號一樣,也是表示解釋說明,即可以解釋的是前面的名詞也可以解釋前面的一句話。例如He dismisses a lot of the work of re-engineering consultants as mere rubbish — “the worst sort of ambulance cashing.破折號后“典型的勞而無獲”解釋的是前面的句子“他把許多重組顧問的工作視為垃圾”這件事。 而在Its jobless rate (5.6% in August) has fallen bellow most estimates of the natural rate of unemployment — the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past.例句中,破折號后面the rate below which inflation has taken off in the past(低于這個比率在過去通貨膨脹已經(jīng)上升了)解釋的是前面的名詞the natural rate of unemployment。
3. 括號
括號也表示解釋說明,跟破折號一樣既可以解釋前面的名詞也可以解釋前面的句子,需要根據(jù)括號的位置去判斷。例如:Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes (travels to and from work) and crowded living conditions.像這樣括號在句號的里面,解釋的就是離其最近的名詞。像Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they’ll do better.)這個例句中,括號在句號的外面,解釋的就是前面的一句話。
4. 分號
分號在考研英語中表示并列的含義,即前后語義是一致的。例如:This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.這里由分號連接兩句話,這里面出現(xiàn)抽象表達This is no flash in the pan,由于分號表示并列,那么在閱讀的過程中可以忽略不計,直接理解分號后面的句子即可,因為前后語義是一致的。